Robset fredsbics foster



Patented Ian. l7, I899.

No. Gl7,856.

B. F. FOSTER.

IETIIOD 0F AID APPARATUS FOR SIGNALING.

(Appliention am a. 1-1. mom

(I. Idol.)

uvs-l ////4 2121 T (EFFECEQ was: base in. ac- 55 haw pmmn MUM-yin mmxyim m the i'iiffie'imy in pofiitively fiimrwimx Q2? the dzangezons arm it may efixiwwad matiastancas .7 V 33("1103. a; w I We mfiaem 0n the same 60 m pmfiatw; Ming; an Jihad e lu e iiffwed wifiely in their opiniens Um; 17mm 4 Q raw-ion 01' time dangerous 0! objmxn 'z rhmm such apgz-limi-ses 2b is still v m "iamrmiue inaction of ahemangiar-mm (M mi, and many instances are 6: 1m meow Wham aerimmwciwm have hapwuml through a migjwigmem of the abservfilm real direciimz 05 the danger. My vanvimw is difltingmlsbed mm Haas-w mriuua systems or methrds of 'sigzmiing; in that the 7-: Signal. itaaif a? Mach & aharacwr that it im disamm w #TMii Maria; 571v aigx'mi the dismflmu fr" F n he signal is my an apgmrmz m ih sse my m 532i! 11 mm. 2. weih-mogu ,d. faci- 121m, mum; improvm'i mm (i Lam; gaming; ii; I cm'zrwquantl 'Lkmdimcbiun from the sirab'ie, when-by 12m 115% ion of aiangfimnw Qb:wT9P vi the dmzgwmxs object, whether 75 25 object can be determimai with accuracy and. a moving or stafiammy fibjmt, as a vessel in eerminiy, as mm in @mmectiun with ms motien or a? anchm", m a paint r @9116" o 'sels at: M36. inure especially is: faggy uth-sr object in ha m-uiiisd. Fmtimt, by my wjathe'r, m Hm) um Mn. in of Miler 1%;- inmniiou Skim sigamh sent me pmjeeiad. in selmnwf asfiorimfiamza, certain givmz 21ml dwfinit diresthms in cam 80 artaineel Many trailistimt m m 'b" a mad in QF -EXY direc n'gfi mhim timequalh mdfik sisMmmpfished,broadly :rmnidcrefii m main; mncentmtedsoundl u 0 in a: rmmm predemrmineu direction 12 321?! 15 1 s1: above 13%;

ryiug the character of the sounds p oduced and sent by the sound-director in certain given directions. which characterizations enable t e e bserver to determine with accuracy the direction from which the sounds proceed and-to distinguish the different signals the one from the other. I also provide means whereby the various characteristic signals ma as given in a predetermined order or succession and whereby they may be directed in certain predetermined directions from the dangerous object.

Other features of my invention will be apparent from the more detailed description hereinafter given, and it will be observed also that my improved method or system of signaling is distinctive from others which have been proposed principally in that the signals sent always indicate to the observer the direction from which and to which the signals are sent, and it is evident that varione forms and constructions of apparatus may be used in carrying out the broad principles of my invention, and the one which I am about to describe is set forth as typical of such a construction and asone which is etteolive and simple in operation, although, of course, it is to be understood that my invention is not liinited thereto.

Referring to the drawings, A is what I have termed, broadly, a sound-director, shown in the present instance in the shape of a megaphone or reflector and adapted to concentrate the sound waves and project them. with greater intensity along the axis of the sounddi ector than in any other direction. Arranged, preferably, within the focus of the sound-director is a sounder or sound-producing device B, which may be in the form of a whistle, reed, siren, or any other proper instrument adapted for the purpose. In the present instance it is shown typically as a whistle adapted to be operated by steam, air, or fluid. -This sound-director and sounder are so mounted as to be readily broughtinto certain definite pos tions or relations to a certain point-as, for instance, the north point of the compass-and while many and various means may be employed for this purpose I have shown it as mounted on a wheel 0 by suitable supports 0 C, and this wheel'is itsell supported upon a bearing D of any suitable character mounted on a proper base D.

\Vhen the sounder B is only operated by a (laid, as it must rotate withthe sound-director, it is preferable to provide means, as a pipe B, passing through the bearing D and huvlng a suitable joint connection with a pipe 13*, directly connected with the sounder, so that the connection may be maintained regardless of the position of the sounder and sound-director.

Some suitable means should be provided for giving a motion of rotation to the. sound- LlllQOhOl, and in the present instance, as this is mounted upon the wheel 0, I have shown a worm engaging the worm-teeth C on the wheel 0, the worm being mounted in bear, ings E on the base D. This worm-wheelmay be driven in any desired manner frdin'any source of power, as a wire rope from the engine-room passing around a drum 1*" on the worm-wheel shaft. Any means of producing a regular motion of rotation of the sound-director may of course be used that shown being simple and effective and has the additional advantage that the sound-director is securely held in its proper position against any tendency of its motion being affected by the force of the wind or other disturbances.

Some suitable means must be provided by which the character of the signals given by the sounder B. can be determined, and those of course will depend upon the character of the sound'er itself, and in the pcsent instance, wherethe ounder is operatoc by a fluid under pressu e, I have shown a valve device-G, arranged in the pipe 13*, and while many forms of valve devices may be used I have indicated a slide-valvearranged in the pipe B and normally under the stress of a spring G, tending to close and keep the valve closed, this spring being mounted in a suitable housing in the valve device.

In order to operate the valve to produce the predetermined signals, many devices may be used, and as in the present embodiment of the invention I produce a certain number ot" characteristiosignals in a certain definite re lation to each other I have shown a device whiohis simple and yet effective to accomplish this purpose in the form of a ring 1-1, mounted on the base D in proper relation to the valve device G, arranged so that its upper edge H will operate the valve. The upper edge of the ring in the present instance is shown as provided with a series of notches h h' h, &c., of different shape or character and so arranged that when the notches come opposite or under the valve the latter will move downward under the stress of the spring, thus producing a signal, and the character of the signal is determined by the length of the notches and the particular arrange meut of a group of notches with relation to each other. Thus it will be observed that some of the notches are short aud'give a short blast and others are longer to give a longer blast, and the length of the blasts and the relations of the short and long blasts can be arranged on any predetermined plan.

If the signalingdcvicc is located on a fixed point, as a point of land, it is only necessary to properly adjust the ring H with relation to the point of the compass in order that the sound-director shall give the proper signals at each desired point of its rotation; but if the signaling device is located on a moving object-as, for instance, a ship, which changes its relatignato the point of the compass-it is necessary to provide means for adjusting-the signal-determining device, as the ring, with relation to the vessels course, and I there fore provide some means for rotating the riugr ing! object provided with my signnizn independentson roe of power or from H-as, for instsnoe, a handle ll snd proferably also provide some means for sacuring tho ringin position-as, for instnncs, tho lock lug-cam H W'ith this simple construction it will be soon that the general features of my invention may be carried out whether the signaling device is used in a stationary or moving position, and itwill also ho observed that other dsvioos accomplishing the same general result will resdil y suggest thei'nselvss to those skilled in the art Without a departure from the principles of my invcn tion.

As it is also desirable in the case of a mom tievico to give as signs! indicating the con rse or throw tion in which the object is moving, i preferably combine with my signaling dsvico thus far described an independent signal for ac oompllshing this object, and in. the present instance I have shown. no indepsndsnt signal. .l, which is preferably of (infer-est ctzsrsotsr from that of the sonsaisr B-ML for instnm of an entirely different tones or otherwise and which is mounted in fixed rolstion to the bow of the vnssol and in juxtaposition my signaling dsvico This course or sccondnry signaling device may be oporntod from an thosnmo source; but its operations are contra-nod by my improved signaling dcvico in any suits-lino way, the essential featnrs being that Miss my sound-director points directly tow-no the bow of the V885 on which it placed it shall operate the oonrsc or nnxllln 3; signal ing device, and if, psrcbnnco, the course of the vessel corresponds with no? one or me prodotermiried directions in whlcl film sound-- director is operated Fsth signals wll on sounded simultaneously sud will not only in dicsts the direction 1' om which sound proceeds, but also the direction courts of the vessel carrying the Sigmtllfigl transect, It will also be observed that it? tho coursesignaling instrument should sound between two signals of the sound-directs? tho conrso of tho vessel would evi-ienti st betwoen tho two directions indicated by :m sound iirector.

In orcicr to operals lilll auxiliary" sounder, in the present instance vice J with s projection omen tbs path of travel of the pipe ll nsling'dovice or any other moving ps of, so that as the signaling do once during ssch revolution it will operate thonnxiliary or course signaling dovicc.

W hilo in carrying out my invention any de sired code of signals may be used and they may be arranged in any (la-sired order, sequencc, or relation, I have found it desirable and satisfactory to provide eight different signals corresponding with the eight principal divisions of the compass and in order. to aid the memory and serve to readily distinguish the ditferent signals in the present in stance I have arranged the signals so that all those signifying the general direction of l. error go o valve do i a i Willilll'l west commence with a short signal, while all those signifying; the gcnorsl lirsction of east commence with 2, ions 5' :sl, nod in the present instsnoo Ji 's 5 ressc in number or lu ration f r n sown town Thus, refsrring; to Fig .l, the: notch? short notch to produce a singls short Mani, or signal, Mills ills ncxs notcln if: is a, long not; in to produce a longer blsst,'snd the next snccoodlng blast will bs made up oi two long blasts by means of tho two long no so? so on clesrl inmost-ed then It will no or orstood tlaot kinds? r: oonrib lions n single hort signal. such on o cod by tho notch I" i '1 indicate that tho sound director proiocts the sonmlwnros toward the north thereby indicating thnt tho source of its signal is due south from the observer. So, on the other hand, if the signal produced oliservsr will st snare rmogolnn that t s non roe oi. tho s gnal also most nnd soon in connection with sll tho other points of the non: "ass, that char-sonar of rho signal distinctly do? sing to also ohservsr the direction from wh ch the signal proceeds.

As before indicated if the observer is in a. direct lii e with. tho axis of the sonnd-dinector will hear tho signal with the grentost distinctnoss; not; if, porn-hams, no in some other position with r *iation to the or: instrmna n t ss, f or inst-snore, midw it tho posit ons of tho taxis in two sncc: nsls -ths obsorvs-r will hear tho signs (iistimatir than when in tho (lirezjil ine of the axis, bu will hssr the two slg'nsls with equal distinctn ess and will then ho ahlo to determine the cxant dirsct m from which the signals prowess which 1 be midway betwosn the points in iicsisd by the two snccessivc signals.

Ono of the advantages arising from the use of my v'ontion, ocpeoisliy whom it is in a. stations 3' position, ass ioinisgnlighthonse,

serous object. 1 for instance, a moving ohsort ,ltonld l'asaril. czcntingthst timdsngcrons pointwas northwest from him and sitar his vessel had moved s given distance, as two miles, he reooives a sign all indicating that tho dnngorous object in duo north, knowing that tho axis of the sonnd-dircctor in giving these two dis-. tinctivc signals is exactly forty-fivc degrees apart hr has his bass-line and his two angles and can readily calculate the distance of the signalict device.

Who I claim is-- 1. Th method substantially as hereinbofore set forth of signaling to indicate the dircctionl rom and to which a signal is projected, which :onsists in projecting concentrated sound-waves in various predetermined directlons at d in varying the character of the signals in accordance with the various points of the com glass, whereby the observer within the Henge of any of the sounds candetermme the =iirectiou of the source of said signals.

accordance with the direction from and to which iho are projected, and devices for adlusting said meauswith relation to the points of the compass, substantially asdescriberi.

4. in a signaling device, the combination iii a eonnd direotor adapted to project conccntraiell sound-Waves in various given directions of means or varying the sounds in accordance with the direction from and to will they projected, and an auxiliary goal arranged to be rated by the sound- :ilrcetor and adapted \IJ indicate the course u moving object, swstantially as described,

It In signaling device, the combination with a rotating swell-director, ofv means for varying the So o/ls in afiflfil'lififlfie with he direction from and to which they are proj ted, substantially as. descrilied.

ii, in a siirnaling de ice, the combination ih a rotating sonui'i-ilirector, of means for mtai 'ing the same, and adjustable means for varying: the sounds in accordance with the direction from and to which {they are pro jeet-ed, substantially as described,

ialing device, the eornbination with a somuldirector adapted to projectconcontra-tori soundwvaves in. various given di- 11 In a combined signaling device, the combinaiion with a rotating sound-director, of means for varying the sounds. in accordance with the direction from and to which they are projected, an auxiliary signaling device, and means controlled by the sYilllHhilll'tm'lOi' for operating the auxiliary si zunli ug' device, substantially as described.

S. In a signaling device. lhc combinathn with a sound director, ofazounderjocgtted in operative relation therewith, :11 cans for romi= ing the sounder and sound-director, and. means for operating the sounder to produce varying signals in accordance with the position of the souudwlirector, substantially as described.

9, In a signaling device, the combination with a sound-director, of a sounder located therein, a rotating support for the sounder and sound-director. a. pipe connected to said sounder, a valve device in said pipe, and a ring for operating said valve, substantially as described,

10 In a signaling device, the colubinntiml with a soumi-dircctor, of a sounder located, therein, a rotating support for the' sounder and souml-director, a pipe uHlHGClIQd to said sounder, a valve device in said pipe, means for operating the rotating support continuously, a ring for operating the valve doi ice,

and means for adj u tlug The ring, subsianmany as (loser-med.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT FREDERICK FOSTER.

Wi messes:

J. J. MCCARTHY, W. CLARENCE DUVALL. 

